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Q1 · Predictable

Zillow Offers

An AI home-pricing model overpaid at scale and forced Zillow to exit.

Documented, foreseeable risks that were ignored anyway. The failure is attention, not information.

Room
Q1 Predictable
Year
2021
Impact
$540M
Sector
Proptech
Region
N. America
Category
Technological

Why this room

Each individual home purchase looked like a simple, thin-tail payoff (a bounded renovate-and-flip margin priced by a formula), but scaling that formula across thousands of correlated bets on one housing cycle turned the aggregate payoff complex and fat-tailed, since a single market turn hit the whole inventory at once rather than being smoothed out by diversification.

The record

  • $304 million Q3 2021 inventory write-down in the Homes segmentcertain
  • Guidance of an additional $240-265 million in Q4 2021 write-downscertain
  • Homes segment pre-tax net loss of $421.6 million in Q3 2021certain
  • Total write-downs cited at roughly $540-569 million across the wind-downlikely
  • About 2,000 jobs cut, roughly 25% of Zillow's workforcecertain
  • Announcement date of exit: November 2, 2021certain
  • About 8,000 homes acquired by Zillow Offers in Q3 2021; more than 3,800 in Q2 2021likely
  • Roughly 7,000 remaining homes marketed to institutional investors for about $2.8 billion (~$400,000 average)certain
  • Internal sample of 650 Zillow-owned homes: two-thirds priced below what Zillow paidlikely
  • Stock fell roughly 25% the day after the announcementuncertain
  • Zestimate launched 2006; Zillow Offers launched 2018likely
  • Average loss cited at roughly $30,000 per home in inventoryuncertain

Sources

  1. Zillow Group / PR Newswire
  2. Fortune
  3. Stanford Graduate School of Business

The book

This entry is one of 111 in the register. The full story, and what it cost the people who lived it, is in Risky Business by Claudia Zeisberger, David Munro and Joanna Reijgersberg-Siew.

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